Environmental Problems About Electric Lift Truck Batteries
The electric forklift is normally considered more safe and stable compared to diesel and gas powered internal combustion engines. Both diesel and gas engines pose a fire risk and emit harmful exhaust toxins. The electric forklift is not without is hazards however. They have rechargeable batteries as their source of power, and batteries can present risks to personal safety as well as to the environment. There are hazards connected with the manufacture, use, disposal and storage of rechargeable batteries for forklifts.
Manufacturing
The lift truck battery consists of lead plates being placed in a solution of sulfuric acid, that are referred to as lead-acid rechargeable batteries. Lead is a toxin that, when used in manufacturing processes, poses hazards to the quality of water because of runoff and drainage. When lead enters a water system it could cause a range of health problems to people and can even cause death. The sulfuric acid used in forklift batteries is really harmful to skin and could cause severe burns. Sulfuric acid also produces toxic fumes that could cause damage to humans and the natural environment.
Regular Use and Storage
Lead-acid batteries can produce hydrogen gas as a chemical byproduct when recharging. When recharging batteries for a forklift or any other kinds of vehicle, sparks, smoking, heat and flames must be kept well away from the recharging place. The flammable hydrogen could result in an explosion if ignited by flame or heat.
If it touches the bare skin, sulfuric acid in the batteries can cause chemical burns. This is not a concern during normal use of the battery, but if a battery is damaged or punctured, the acid can spray or leak, potentially burning anyone who is nearby.
Disposal
Improper disposal of lead-acid batteries must always be avoided. These batteries must be recycled properly or reused in new batteries so that the sulfuric acid can either be recycled or neutralized. In order to prevent the serious environmental consequences of incorrect disposal, all lead-acid batteries bought or sold within the United States include a "core charge" that will just be returned if the used battery is turned in.